The Rise Of Renewable Energy - 1775 Words

Kammen, D. M., Kammen, D. M. (2006). The rise of renewable energy. Scientific American, 295(3), 84-93. The author of this article is Daniel Kammen, a distinguished professor of energy at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also the climate advisor to the Obama administration. In this article, the author’s major arguments were, one: greenhouse gas emissions can succeed through an increase in energy efficiency sources alone, two: the world should invest in solar cells, which is also known as photovoltaics, three, the commercialization of renewable energy sources accelerated, since 2000; four, wind power has been growing at the same pace of the solar energy industry, five, researchers are pressing hard for the development of†¦show more content†¦The only Kammen believes that this problem could be solved is to increase the energy efficiency technologies and that the United States and other developed nations must take the lead in developing renewable energy sour ces that generate little or no carbon. In my opinion, this option has a lot to do with the political will of these developed countries. Politicians and policymakers have worked in harmony in order to achieve this goal, which is often challenging, given the different interests of the two. In addition, the author believes that solar cells, which use semiconductor materials to convert sunlight into electricity, has a global generating capacity of 5,000 megawatts (MW) could potentially supply the world’s energy about 5,000 times as much as the world currently need (Kammen, 2006, p. 86). This sounds very impressive, but the question is, can countries in the developing afford to invest in this source of energy? I don’t think so, at least for now. Next to solar, wind energy is another renewable energy source that Kammen believes as a possible alternative, given the fact the wind energy industry has climbed to the pace of solar energy in terms of energy efficiency. The wind turbines, according to this author, has an increased rate of 25 percent per year for the past decade, and it produced nearly

Forms and Classification of Online Business Free Essays

Forms and classification of online business According to (Adam, Z. R. ), the major different types of e-commerce (B2B) Business-to Business, (B2C) Business-to-Consumer, (B2G) Business-to-Government, (C2C) Consumer-to-Consumer and M-commerce which is mobile commerce. We will write a custom essay sample on Forms and Classification of Online Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Business-to-business is simply e-commerce that is present between two businesses. It is said that it is the fastest growing type of e-commerce, much faster than B2C. It is a type of e-commerce wherein two businesses transact with each other online. About 80% of online businesses are of B2B type. Business-to-consumer is e-commerce between companies and consumers. It is the second largest in growth and numbers among the types of E-commerce. It basically is interactions between consumers whether they transact online or offline or just gather information about products that are being offered by the company. Examples of such companies that are of B2B are Amazon and Costco. Business-to-government is e-commerce between companies and the public sector. It refers to the use of the Internet for public procurement, licensing procedures, and other government-related operations Consumer-to-consumer is e-commerce between private individuals with their fellow consumers. This type of e-commerce is characterized by online markets and online auctions wherein these sites serve as a medium for consumers to transact with other consumers. This type of e-commerce is said to have huge potential of growth out of all the types of e-commerce. Consumer-to-business is e-commerce that is likened to reverse auction. It is basically the opposite of selling wherein a company would respond to a consumer’s need. This type of e-commerce is rarely encountered. However, e-bays report that there is a large number of this type of e-commerce wherein they earn millions of dollars every day. Mobile commerce is e-commerce wherein transactions from businesses to consumers are done through wireless networks through the medium of PDA’s and portable handheld devices. Business Models used on the Internet According to (Starting an internet business- we make it simple), there are numerous ways on making money in the internet. There are business models on which they are differentiated on how they execute and return profit. Some of these are retail while some use the power of information to sell. Affiliate Marketing  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ the most common type of Internet business around. It objective is to market and sell someone  else’s  product. There are various ways to market the brand both on and offline. Passive (or niche sites)  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ sites designed to market advertising and/or products that require little to no maintenance. These sites can be focused on small subjects or some are built to be big multi-subject sites. The main intention here is build, promote and forget. Information Sites – this could fall into the category of passive. These sites are built for advertising; they target a narrow subject and are intended to make money primarily from advertising. Once set up and promoted, they only require occasional maintenance. Other specific business models are Product creator wherein creating one’s product be it a fashion line, shoes, and etc as long as it’s an original product and not someone else’s. Its difference with affiliate marketing is that Product creator makes one’s products and sells it as well. Email Marketing or more commonly called List building makes use of Email marketing wherein one has to build relationships with its customers and is particularly effective in building targeted traffic. It is the most highly rated way of making money in the Internet. Services are providing services such as weight loss program, quit smoking plan and etc. This provides more consumer interaction and is recommended if one excels in interacting with people. There are also more specific types of business models and more recognizable which is the Retail and Wholesale which is like an online store version of a store such as SM, Costco or Walmart. The main difference between them is that one is whole sale and the other is not. This requires a higher investment compared to other business models since additional cost through shipping products, payment processing, customer service and etc are accumulated. Creating a website for online business According to Poo (2008), in creating one’s website for business purposes, the first step is to determine one’s goals on what will one use the site for? Is it for retailing or purely marketing website? These are some things that need pondering before designing a website to make it an effective website. By brainstorming and finding out the main goals, determining the genre of the website is the next step. This will determine the pros and cons of the website. There are four genres of websites which are the sales or retailing, marketing, information and a web-based application. Poo (2008) describes that retailing or sales website it focuses much on a lot of pictures, sporadic text on product descriptions and these sites are very user friendly and easy to navigate. However, one disadvantage of retail websites is that they are not usually recognized by search engines and one way of counteracting that and bringing in traffic is making use of affiliate programs. Marketing websites compared to retailing websites is that it is designed to sell a product and one product only. Marketing website is very easy to design which feature mostly text and a few images. What is great about marketing websites is that it is perfectly positioned to make money through advertisements and affiliate programs and they are better optimized for search engines which are a huge advantage in getting traffic into the site. Information website compared to marketing and retailer is that its purpose is mainly to inform the consumers of its products or what is its trying to sell. Although some corporate websites such as Nokia, Honda, Sony, and etc. are information websites that can also sell, they are primarily designed to inform its consumers. Information websites are only recommended for businesses that has a national or international presence since local businesses that only has a local presence only gets a few visits on its website while having a business that has a nationwide presence gives off many visits and informs its consumers well on its products. Web based application works like traditional programs but the difference is that web based application is accessed through the web unlike traditional programs which are installed beforehand. It’s basically computer based application that is hosted in a browser-controlled environment. This type of business venture requires a team of programmers who are creative and persevering. The payoff is very profitable but this type of business is not recommended for the newcomers. Efficiency of Online Business compared to Traditional Business According to (Nielsen, 2008), about over 85% of the world’s online population has used the internet to make a purchase which is a staggering 875 million people. Reason why there is a huge percentage of the online community using internet for purchasing is that the internet is unrivaled for its convenience when it comes to researching and shopping. Consumers nowadays would rather stay at the comfort of their homes shopping than travel and find their desired product which is very tiring compared to single click buying. In Philippine context, about 45% of Filipino online population has purchased through online means. Compared to other countries like South Korea which hails to be the number 1 in frequency of using internet for shopping, Philippines is near the bottom list of infrequent use of online shopping. However, for a third world country like Philippines this is a new innovation that is newly tapped into by consumers and in a few years the trend would be increase in use of online shopping could be observed just like what is observed in the Global population which jumped 40% for only two years. In matters of what people look for in an online shop, according to (Nielsen, 2008). â€Å"In selecting sites on which to shop, one-third used a search engine or just surfed around to find the best online store. One in four relied on personal recommendations. It is said that once an online shop captures the hearts and loyalty of its consumers about 60% of these consumers would tend to stick to the same shop in buying its products since consumer relationship has been playing a large role in making these online businesses successful. Furthermore, recommendations from fellow consumers also play a huge role in making an online site successful. Feedback is one important aspect in closing transactio ns in online businesses especially businesses on online auctions or social networking sites that seem to make 1st time online shoppers reluctant to purchase. Using Social Networking for Business According to (Brown of Inc. Technology), online social networking sites are new grounds for profiteering through online means. It is said that two out of every three internet user has used or visited a social networking site according to internet research company Compete. These numbers alone show the potential of what social networking has to offer for business opportunities. Among social networking sites, Myspace, multiply, facebook and etc. are the popular ones while there are other networking sites that have been primarily geared towards entrepreneurs such as LinkedIn, Ryze and Spoke. One of the main strengths and factor in making a successful social networking business is to focus on building networks. First is to find the niche and build the appropriate networks that fit the desired business niche. This is the essential step if not the key step in establishing a successful online business through social networking sites. References: Adam, Z. R. (2003). E-commerce and e-business. Manila, Philippines: United Nations Development Programme. Brown, D. (2009). Using Social Networking for Business. Retrieved March 14, 2010, from the World Wide Web: http://technology. nc. com/internet/articles/200611/interneticebreakers. html Nielsen (2009). Trends in Online Shopping. Retrieved March 14, 2010, from the World Wide Web: http://th. nielsen. com/site/documents/GlobalOnlineShoppingReportFeb08. pdf Poo, C. (2007) Build Website Online. Retrieved March 14, 2010, from the World Wide Web: http://www. cessypoo. com/build-website-online. html Starting an internet business- we make it simple (2010). Types of Business Models- Step 2. Retrieved March 14, 2010 from the World Wide Web: http://biggbucksonline. com/2009/08/25/types-of-internet-business-models/ How to cite Forms and Classification of Online Business, Papers

Organizational Learning Ambidexterity and Strategic Flexibility

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Learning Ambidexterity and Strategic Flexibility. Answer: Introduction Amazon, also called Amazon.com is an electronic commerce and cloud computing Corporation situated in Seattle, Washington, in the USA. Just like other companies in various other industries such as Google, Apple, and Facebook, Amazon.com is an outstanding collector of consumer information. The organization knows quite a lot about their customers, what they may be looking for to purchase, and what is going on in their lives. Recently, Amazon has confirmed that this year it will establish warehousing and distribution in the Australian market. For the citizens of Australia, Amazon's strategy will mean cheaper access to a wide array of products, but unfortunately, it might be at the expense of other retailers in this market. Australians can now access a wide assortment of brands from this world's biggest retailer at promising reasonable prices and at faster delivery times. This company might introduce a new service called Amazon Prime, which enables buyers to pay an annual fee of approximately $100 for quick and free delivery. In addition, the firm may as well launch a service called Amazon Now, which delivers commodities such as groceries in a period of one hour. However, as Mr. Woolford, the Citi's managing director and head of consumer sector research said, it is not easy to say that Australian retailers are actually prepared to accept Amazon and as such their success in this market will depend entirely on marketing strategies to be employed (Hobday, 2017). In reaction to Amazon's strategic move, competitor companies in Australia might augment their marketing stratagems and pose a significant challenge to this firm almost forcing it out of the market. This essay will provide the marketing personnel in Amazon with an apparent breakthrough how the organization can establish itself successfully in the Australian market. The Product-Market Expansion Grid The Product-Market Expansion Grid sometimes referred to as Ansoff Matrix is a strategic management approach which was created by Igor Ansoff. This marketing stratagem is known to have been used by many leading multinational corporations such as General Electric, IBM, and Philips (Senecal and Nantel, 2004). The Product-Market Expansion Grid is one of the major contributions of Ansoff that is significantly applied by organizations intending to develop approaches to grow and advance their business transactions (Krstic, and Ivanovic, 2011). Fortenberry, (2013, p.269) defines Product-Market Expansion Grid as a tool applied to augment business expansion stratagems by assessing the relationship between the existing and new products, current and new markets, as well as the peril linked with every possible relationship. Ansoff Matrix as supported by many academics assists in business growth plans by the introduction of new or existing commodities, in new or existing marketplaces. Ansoff Matrix is premeditated such that as the corporation schemes its current and fresh commodities and marketplaces, the magnitude of peril connected to that particular approach matches its location on the model. Growing stratagems through current commodities and markets is truncated in terms of the peril associated, but with new brands and marketplaces, risk upsurges (Hunter and Chen, 2011). The Product-Market Expansion Grid provides four primary recommended approaches, namely: market development, marketplace penetration, brand diversification, as well as development. In the subsequent sections of this paper, these four marketing tactics suggested by Ansoff will be expounded in the light of Amazon Australia, and particularly how the Company can implement them to succeed in this competitive market. Ansoffs grid is presented diagrammatically as follows; 1. Market penetration strategy 3. Product development strategy 2. Market development strategy 4. Diversification strategy Market Penetration Strategy which falls in quadrant 1 generates development by concentrating on launching current brands to an existing marketplace. In such cases, potential buyers might be aware of the commodity, but due to some reasons they are not consuming it (Sudo, n.d.) Amazon can use this strategy to accomplish various objectives. The Corporation can, for instance, increase usage of its brands among the existing customers by offering special incentives and loyalty schemes. In addition, the organization can force major competitors out of the market through aggressive products pricing coupled with extensive promotional campaigns. Moreover, Amazon.com can implement this strategy to secure dominance by recognizing specific market segments offering the best prospects for new products at their disposal. Ultimately, this Ansoff's strategy can significantly aid Amazon in growing or increasing its Australian market share by implementing outstanding marketing schemes such as pricing, ad vertisements, rigorous product promotions stratagems as well upsurge in sales exertions (Manion, and Cherion, 2009). Market Development Strategy The Market Development Strategy which falls in second quadrant is applied whenever the brand is a current one, but then the marketplace is new. In other words, this approach is employed every time a firm has recognized new arcades which were beforehand undisclosed, or the moment it intends to advance its souk coverage. Competitors might be taking dominance in the new market or in some instances; it might transpire that the fresh firm might be accepted in an extremely positive manner. In whichever way, there exist various strategies a company for example Amazon can apply to go in and improve its novel Australian bazaar for its commodities. Amazon.com is able to concentrate on introducing its brands in new and untapped geographical regions. This move can aid the firm in circumventing stiff competition in the already established markets where the majority of the buyers go shopping. In addition, Amazon can introduce new pricing mechanisms purposely to attract new target groups to purchas e their brands. By doing so, the organization will be able to secure its loyal customer base to sustain it even during unfavorable economic conditions. Moreover, innovative delivery networks can be generated to provide commodities in firsthand approaches as well as to new buyers (Robinson and Lundstrom, 2003). Again, this strategy will help Amazon in standing out in the industry since it enables the company to present its operation mannerisms in a unique fashion. Product Development Strategy Often Product Development Strategy, in quadrant 3, is employed when a corporation is introducing a new product in an existing market. This might take place because the firm's goods and services are not retailing frequently or may be it has spotted a fresh market segment that it had untapped previously and hence intends to launch firsthand commodity to upsurge its trades. At this point, the entity may be impelled to have new competencies and skills in order to develop its products successfully. Besides, as pointed out by Wei, Yi, and Guo, (2013) this strategy might be more expensive than market engrossed approaches and also needs more time. Amazon, for instance, requires to place more emphasize on detailed assessment of consumer needs and wants, exploration and development, coupled with early introduction to ascertain that commodities are first to market. The corporation can implement various methodologies to stimulate growth in the Australian market. For example, it can consider addi ng new features to its existing brands to attract more customers. Besides, groundbreaking and novel expertise can be supplemented to Amazons products to develop them and thus become more appealing in the eyes of the buyers. These two tactics will not only enable the corporation to develop its commodities, but they will also go a long way to aid it in acquiring a competitive edge in the foreign market (Skilton and Bernardes, 2014). Diversification Strategy Diversification Strategy is predominantly employed whenever new commodities are presented to novel souks. Chen, Jiang, Wang, and Chung Hsu, (2014) coin the perception that diversification in the Ansoff grid is the riskiest of alxl strategies. This approach needs the greatest degree of investment of various capitals such as time and resources. Therefore, Amazon should be adequately prepared concerning finance, and other necessitates before launching its commodities in Australia. Even though this approach seems the most costly, it will provide Amazon.com with a security advantage such that in case of deterioration in a particular segment, the corporation is able to depend on an alternative. Ansoff emphasizes that this approach could allow an organization to gain newfangled skills, facilities, and even operating techniques. Outstanding viability studies and research are vital to ascertain a winning plan. In our case scenario, Amazon Inc. can consider various diversification strategies. They include conglomerate diversification, horizontal diversification, and concentric diversification. In attempt to explain the aforementioned diversification approaches, Daidj, (2015) uses an example of a corporation that manufactures glass materials. Through concentric modification, the company renowned for producing glass jars for the industries dealing in foodstuffs can enter the building arcade by the production of cut-glass blocks. Amazon Inc. is known as among the leading firms dealing in electronic gadgets such as DVSs, CDs, audiobook downloads, and video games. Therefore, in accordance to Daidj, (2015) Amazon can venture into the film market mainly through the production of movies. Through horizontal diversification, glass jar producer realizes the opening to provide specific cement commodities through which it can use to make goblet brick bulwarks. In our case scenario, Amazon may see an opportunity to offer specialized movie shooting software in the Australian market. And finally, through conglomerate diversification, the company handling glass materials can acquire the producer of colored dies which it can use in coloring the glass products it makes. Amazon, therefore, can obtain the producer of movie animations or computer graphics with which it can use to improve the quality of its films. How Amazon can Use the Product-Market Expansion Grid In order to benefit a lot and make the best out of Product-Market Expansion Grid, Amazon needs to comprehend where its unsurpassed prospects are in regard to the current position. The amount of resources the company can expand, as well the magnitude of risk it is capable of sustaining. This means that Amazon should first grow its competencies and resource base in order to enter the Australian market successfully. In the same breath, it is advisable for Amazon.com to employ various risk evaluation tool and gauge the amount of risk it can carry (Hagelin and Pramborg, 2004). While Ansoff Matrix is quite expedient for comprehending how to perceive various commerce development approaches, it hardly clarifies what necessary schedules Amazon ought to take. As soon as the corporation has recognized its position in the lattice, what its interior abilities are in addition to the magnitude of hazard it is able to carry on, the next step is to carry out a thorough market research. Adding in a well-thought-out market analysis will transform the content of this model from just a mere theory to resourceful information that Amazon can take action on (Connor, n.d.). Conclusion As Amazon purports to enter and emerge the game changer in the Australian market, local retailers in this industry have vowed to fight it and as a result, the firm may be making lots of sales but booking no profits. Amazon thus needs to reinvent its business success frameworks to fend off the local threat, and as supported throughout this essay, automation is the key. There are many tactics and strategies which Amazon can use to take root, expand, and compete favorably with other retail companies in Australia. In the contemporary business environment, the most commonly applied strategy which Amazon.com can as well use is market penetration. This approach has emerged the commonest in today's business world for the reason that the marketplace is gradually appearing a jam-packed setting with commodities being presented every day in current market subdivisions. Nevertheless, to secure control and dominance in the foreign market, Amazon needs to implement other strategies such as diversif ication, market development, and product improvement strategies to get ahead of the competition in the international market. References Chen, Y., Jiang, Y., Wang, C. and Chung Hsu, W. (2014). How do resources and diversification strategy explain the performance consequences of internationalization? Management Decision, 52(5), pp.897-915. Connor, J. (n.d.). Evolving Research on Price Competition in the Grocery Retailing Industry: An Appraisal. SSRN Electronic Journal. Daidj, N. (2015).Developing Strategic Business Models and Competitive Advantage in The Digital Sector. Http://Search.Ebscohost.Com/Login.Aspx?Direct=TrueScope=SiteDb=NlebkDb=NlabkAn=878601 Fortenberry, J. L. (2013).Nonprofit Marketing. Burlington, Ma, Jones Bartlett Learning. Hagelin, N. and Pramborg, B. (2004). Dynamic investment strategies with and without emerging equity markets. Emerging Markets Review, 5(2), pp.193-215. Hobday, L. (2017). ABC News. Can Australian retailers survive in the Amazon jungle? [Online] Accessed on 25th March 2017. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-22/amazon-to-launch-in-australia-as-local-retailers-vow-to-fight/8376936 Hunter, M. and Chen, R. (2011). From Management to Sustainability: Strategies for Producers, Consumers, and Small Businesses. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 1(1). Krstic, B. and Ivanovaic, V. (2011). Conceptual Framework in Creating and Selecting the Performance Measurement System for Marketing Strategy Control. Marketing, 42(1), pp.27-43. Manion, M. and Cherion, J. (2009). "Impact of Strategic Type on Success Measures for Product Development Projects*." Journal of Product Innovation Management, 26(1), pp.71-85. Robinson, G. and Lundstrom, W. (2003). Market expansion strategy: development of a conceptual market expansion decision scorecard. Journal Strategic Change, 12(5), pp.259-272. Senecal, S. and Nantel, J. (2004). The influence of online product recommendations on consumers online choices. Journal of Retailing, 80(2), pp.159-169. Skilton, P. and Bernardes, E. (2014). Competition network structure and product market entry. Strategic Management Journal, 36(11), pp.1688-1696. Sudo, T. (n.d.). How Does the Market-Based Intermediary Sector Affect the Business Cycle? A Consideration Based on a DSGE Framework. SSRN Electronic Journal. Wei, Z., Yi, Y. and Guo, H. (2013). Organizational Learning Ambidexterity, Strategic Flexibility, and New Product Development. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(4), pp.832-847.